Types of Bitumen and Its Uses!

 Types of Bitumen and Its Uses!

 What is Bitumen?

Bitumen is a black, pasty substance used to separate and make asphalt.
There are different types of bitumen, each with a specific use.
Bitumen is derived from petroleum and is mostly produced in oil refineries.
Bitumen is a black to dark brown hydrocarbon that is completely soluble in carbon sulfide and carbon tetrachloride.
Bitumen is annealed in ambient conditions, but with increasing temperature, it turns into a paste and then liquefies. The significant use of bitumen is due to two important things about this material. Waterproofing and viscosity

Types of Bitumen

Natural Bitumen

Some types of bitumen occur in nature due to the conversion of crude oil and the evaporation of volatile substances over many years. This bitumen is called natural bitumen and its durability is greater than petroleum bitumen. This type of bitumen may be pure in nature (lake bitumen), such as Behbahan bitumen in Iran, or it may be extracted (mineral bitumen). Bitumen is also known as Uintaite.

Petroleum Bitumens

After the distillation of crude oil, crude oil is formed. This bitumen is called petroleum bitumen or distilled bitumen. In the first stage of distillation, light substances such as benzene and propane are separated from the crude oil. This process occurs at a pressure close to one atmosphere (unit). In the second, heavy compounds such as kerosene and diesel are extracted. This is done in a stage of pressure to the point of vacuum. Finally, a mixture of very fine solid particles called asphaltenes remains, which float in a body like maltone.

Bitumen emulsion (emulsion) Bitumen emulsion is obtained by mixing bitumen, water and an emulsifier. The amount of emulsifier is very small, about 0.3 to 0.5 percent of the weight of bitumen. The amount of water used in this type of bitumen is about 30 to 50 percent of the weight of bitumen. The emulsifier is an alkaline salt of organic acids or ammonium salt that causes the bitumen particles to be charged. In this way, the bitumen particles repel the compound due to the induced charge and form a sphere with a diameter of one hundredth to one thousandth of a millimeter, which is immersed in water.